TECHNIQUES MIXED THE RIGHT PESTICIDES

TECHNIQUES MIXED THE RIGHT PESTICIDES 

June 10, 2011

Application-pesticidesAlready some readers of the Gate of Agriculture are sharing and asking how the technique of mixing the right pesticide. That's why maspary wants to write this article. Actually this article is a continuation of our previous writing about How to Appropriate Pesticides Applications.

Indeed there are no guidelines or guides that provide insight into how to properly mix pesticides. Therefore there are still many farmers who do the mixing of pesticides indiscriminately but there are also farmers who do not dare to mix pesticides at all for fear that mixed pesticides will react unfavorable to the plant. Therefore maspary ventured to give a little tips how to mix the right pesticide techniques.

Maspary dare to write this article not based on the reference of a book but only based on our experience in the field some time ago when we served in Dieng Kab. Wonosobo.

According to maspary there are several things to note in the proper mixing techniques of pesticides:

Do not mix pesticides directly in the sprayer tank (this is often the maspary encounter in the field), you should do the mixing of pesticides in plastic containers first (bucket). Once mixed in a new bucket insert inside the sprayer tank.

Do not mix pesticides directly in cans / packaging without diluting them first with water. (This event is also often metpary encounter on farmers who want to be practical, or sometimes keep secret the use of pestisidanya)

Do not mix 2 pesticides or more in one class, for example: Synthetic pyrethroid with synthetic pyrethroid or carbamate with carbamate.

Do not mix 2 pesticides or more that have a cooperative way, for example: respiratory toxins with respiratory toxins, systemic contact or systemic contact.

If you want to mix pesticides should do mixing pesticides that are in contact with pesticides that are systemic. If you want to control the disease in a plant and forced to mix the fungicidanya select the contact and the systemic. Contact fungicides are usually broad-spectrum and are usually protective or protective only because these fungicides are multisite inhibitors whereas systemic fungicides are usually narrow and eradicative or treating because these fungicides have a monosite inhibitor.

Sort mix pesticides according to their formulations. According to the experience of maspary in the mixing of pesticides start with a pesticide formulated WDG, WP or other flour-shaped mix until dissolved. The second just enter the PPC or leaf fertilizer if using a leaf fertilizer and stir it until mixed. The third step enter the pesticide formulated SL, WSC, SC etc and stir until dissolved. Fourth, enter the pesticide formulated by EC and lastly enter the adhesive, the smoothing, the penetrate etc.

Attention!! After you mix the pesticides like the order no 5 above there are other things to note. Do not use a mixture of pesticides whose solution is clot and / or settles. Based on the experience of maspary usually a mixture of pesticides that precipitate or agglomerate if applied to the plant will be able to damage the plant or sometimes does not work at all.

There are additional tips from the maspary that the readers of all Agricultural Gateway readers need to know is that mixing synthetic pyrethroid insecticides with organophosphate group insecticides will increase their efficacy, like 1 + 1 = 3. But do not mix insecticides group of organophosphates with carbamate because it will decrease its efficacy (1 + 1 = 1).

Hopefully with writing from the Gate of Agriculture this can provide benefits for readers of all who will apply pesticides and can provide a little enlightenment for those who are confused to mix pesticides. And hope of the Agricultural Gate hopefully this article can contribute to the success of farming for Indonesian farmers. (Maspary)

DOSAGE AND METHOD OF FERTILIZATION RICE

Regards farm !! The theme of this article will discuss about the dosage and how fertilization of rice plants is the answer to some colleagues who share with Gate Farm . Questions about the dosage and how fertilization of rice plants would be too long if I answer via SMS. Therefore, for a rather long answer questions will be answered via post only, so sorry if the answer is not quickly missed by us.

Actually, to answer the question of dosage and how fertilization of rice plants is difficult because the dose of fertilizer rice crop is very relative very, very dependent on weather or climate, soil type, the availability of nutrients in the soil, the availability of organic matter in the soil, varieties of rice plants, the type of fertilizer given and how fertilizer. Therefore, if the articles are maspary write this time not in accordance with your habits we would like to apologize.

As has been maspary wrote above that of fertilizers to the rice crop once it is varied from region to another, between one farmer with other farmers and between seasons is also different. If maspary may recommend just using your titen knowledge, that try with a small dose first if the results are good enough just elevated doses in the upcoming season. You certainly are more familiar with the condition of your soil.

As an illustration of the normal ground government provides fertilizer recommendations for rice as follows, Urea 200 kg - 250 kg, 100 kg SP36 - KCl 150 kg and 75 kg - 100 kg. If using NPK dose is 100 kg urea and 300 kg NPK. It was only the recommended dosage, to specify the exact dose then you should do a test on your own land either between seasons or between locations.

Apply fertilizer according to your predictions and observations has a maximum do anything yet. If you have not done fertilization with different doses again, and so on until you find a dose that is really optimal for your rice crop. But in pemeberiannya not too far beyond the government's recommendation mentioned above.

Timing of fertilizer in rice is also very varied, but according maspary are as follows:

If you are using Urea, SP36 and KCl (200-250 Kg: 100-150 Kg: 75-100 Kg / ha). One day before planting to do the deployment SP36 100%. After the age of 7 hst did spread of Urea 30% to 50% KCl. When I was 20 hst did spread of urea 40% and after the age of 30 HST did spread of urea 30% and 50% KCl. If you are using Urea, SP36 and KCl, but you have BWD. The first and second application the same as above (Before planting application SP36 100%, 7 HST application of urea 30% plus 50% KCl), but once a week to do a color test with BWN leaves. If the test result is deemed needed the addition of new urea did increase slightly by about 10%. Testing is done until the rice crop was 40 days after planting. At the age of 30 hst KCL remaining 50% is given everything.

If you are using Urea and NPK Ponska (100 Kg: 300 Kg / ha). Age 7 hst provide 30% urea and NPK Ponska 50%, at the age of 20 hst provide urea 40% and after the age of 30 hst provide 30% urea and NPK Ponska 50%. If menggukan BWD 7 hst applications provide only 50% Ponska without urea, after one week of doing a test with BWD if the test result is deemed necessary the addition of urea did increase 10%. And so on do testing every week with LCC. Typing the age of 30 hst give Ponska 50%.

If you are using Urea and NPK (100 Kg: 300 Kg / ha). Give NPK rainbow 100% at the age of 1 HST rice. After one week to give urea 30%. When I was 20 hst provide urea 40% and when the paddy was 30 hst provide urea 30%. If you are using BWD NPK give 100% when paddy aged 1 hst, after 7 hst do a test with BWD BWD and if the test results do deemed necessary to add additional urea 10%. And so on do urea after doing a test with BWD every 1 week.

Some ways of applying fertilizer in rice plants by maspary are:

Sprinkle evenly on the paddy fields if you use tile system.

If you use the system Legowo row planting fertilizer application only in places that no plant or outside legowo. Giving or dissemination is done through the legowo.

Fertilizer there is also a dijimpitkan and placed in the intersection within the rice plant. So it is not distributed evenly.

There is also a creative farmer who gives such a manner fertilizer dijimpitkan at the intersection between the plant and then stepped on one leg.

All of that is up to you, if there is time and labor by way dijimpit fertilizer and trampled the most effective fertilizer because it can reduce the wastage of fertilizer by evaporation or carried by the flow of water. But if you feel busy and there's no time should be spread evenly alone.

That dose and mode of fertilizing paddy version of the Gate of Agriculture may not add to the confusion of all readers. Everything we write is merely constitute our experience in the field. Hopefully this article can add insight and knowledge of Indonesian farmers, and of course maspary hope this article can help increase the production of farmers all (maspary).

BIOLOGICAL insecticide Beauveria bassiana

BIOLOGICAL insecticide Beauveria bassiana

June 02, 2011

Fellow farmers and agricultural lovers all, this time gateway Agriculture will be slightly reviewed mold or mildew natural enemies of insect pests such as various types of Beauveria bassiana . This fungus commonly known as insect pathogenic fungi are fungi that can cause disease in insects. How it works is this mushroom will make the pain then causes the insect pest is dead. Some examples of insects can be controlled by Beauveria bassiana include various types of leafhoppers, grasshoppers, locusts rice bug, caterpillar, javelin and sundep outs (borer),. 

Beauveria bassiana is naturally present in the soil as a saprophyte fungus. The growth of the fungus in the soil is influenced by soil conditions, such as organic matter, temperature, humidity, insect eating habits, their synthetic pesticides, and time aplikasi.Secara general, temperatures above 30 ° C, reduced soil moisture and the antifungal or pesticides can inhibit growth. 

How mushrooms Beauvaria bassiana infects the body starts to contact insect host, enter the host's body, reproduction in one or more network host, then contact and infect a new host. 

According to some articles that maspary read Beauveria bassiana in to the host insect's body through the skin, gastrointestinal tract, spiracles and other openings. Fungal inoculum which is attached to the body of the insect host will germinate and grow to form a tube sprouts, then enter the body through the skin. Penetration done mechanically or chemically by removing the enzyme or toksin.Pada further processing, mold will reproduce in the host body. The fungus will grow in the body and invade host tissues throughout the body, so that the dead insects. Fungal mycelia penetrate to the outside of the body of the host, grow over the host body and produce konidia.Dalam matter of days, the larvae will die. Insects with the fungus Beauveria bassiana will die with hardened body like a mummy and a mold covered the body with a white host.

In infection, Beauveria bassiana will look out of the body infected insects first of the attachment (apendages) as between segments of the antenna, between segments of the head with the thorax, between segments of the thorax with abdomen and the abdominal segment with cauda (tail). after a few days later the entire surface of the infected insect body will be covered by a mass of colored mushrooms putih.Penetrasi entomopathogenic fungi often occur in the membrane between the capsule head with the thorax or between the segments as well as fungal mycelium apendages out the first time in these parts. 

From the information obtained Gate Farm has been known for more than 175 types of insect pests that hosts the fungus Beauveria bassiana . Great is not it ??? Based on the findings of this fungus effectively control rice pest insect pests (Leptocorisa oratorius) and brown plant hopper shaft (Nilaparvata lugens) in rice plants and pest infestation (Aphis sp.) On vegetable crops. Some other examples that hosts the B. bassiana is crickets, silkworms, and red ants. Because B.bassiana can attack almost all kinds of insects, mushrooms have been classified as non-selective pesticides that are not recommended for use in assisted conception crops by insects. 

The use of this fungus to eradicate the pest can be done by several methods. These fungi can be used to trap pests. As for how it's used by inserting Beauveria bassiana and gimmickry in the form of interest aroma insect (pheromones) into a bottle of mineral. Insects will fit into the bottle and exposed to the spores. Eventually causing the infected insects. Its application is by spraying method. 

Insects that have been infected with Beauveria bassiana will further contaminate the environment, either by producing spores penetrate the cuticle out of the host's body, as well as through contaminated feces. Insects sound will then be infected. The line is called horizontal transmission of pathogens (inter / intra generation). 

According to Gateway Agriculture constraints in the field of biological pesticides, biological pesticides, which are highly sensitive to environmental conditions. If the biological pesticide applications in environmental conditions that are less favorable for the development of pesticide application biological pesticides will be less effective. For example if extreme heat or cold, humidity is too low, the wind is too strong etc. Then the biological pesticide application is to consider the state of the environment. 

So a bit of articles on Beauveria bassiana which can be used as an alternative non-chemical pest control pests on food crops and horticulture. Hope Maspary and Gateway Agriculture Hopefully this article can give you new insights and inspiration in controlling pests on plants (maspary). 

If colleagues are interested in our farm gates provide Beauveria Bassiana in 1-liter packs. Please sms to 0812 2630 297 (Order-number order-of-order delivery) 

Success of Indonesian Peasant !!